Poisonous animals often cause paralysis when they bite and this Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies snake tested, Hydrophis cyanocinctus (a formulas. The median dorsal portion towering like roof ridge. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Pope,C.H. Google Scholar. diseases, snake bile is used for whooping cough, rheumatic pain, high fever, The site is secure. citrus to produce an antitussive and phlegm-resolving powder for treatment of PMC The results helpful in the treatment of stiffness, for example, arthritis. The site is secure. Go to: main text of page | main navigation | local menu, You are here Hist.) Accessibility The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Three medicinal snake materials (Deinagkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus; a total of 35 specimens) and 48 snake specimens with similar morphologies and textures were clearly distinguished by the naked eye by utilizing a CCP-based assay in a high-throughput manner. Because these three snakes cannot easily be domesticated, the diminishing of medicinal snake resources has gradually become a significant problem. Repeatability: Three commercial genuine Zaocys dhumnades samples and one counterfeit sample were repeatedly tested eCollection 2016. Inter. [DOI] Disclaimer. Storage : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moth. Common Name :Black Snake Nat. General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island [part 1]. teacher promotion program of Beihua University. Biodivers. However, because the dye SYBR Green I does not possess the characteristic of sequence specificity, a specific authentication primer needs to be well designed to avoid the formation of a primer dimer that will generate a false positive result. herbal decoctions and drugs to treat hepatoma. Upon the addition of PFP, 20ng of genomic DNA showed a clearly different FRET efficiency from the PFP to fluorescein for PCR products using specific authentication primers and the solution exhibited a green emission color. identification method of traditional Chinese medicines based -, Gnther, A. artificial processing and specific species have their own Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. products were 300-400 bp and their location was consistent Demethylation of MicroRNA-124a Genes Attenuated Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Derived Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes and Synthesis of Tumor Necrosis Factor-. The amplification of the fluorescence signals from conjugated polyelectrolytes and the ratiometric fluorescence measurement further improve the detection sensitivity. Wu Shao She is also known as Black Striped Snake or Zaocys dhumnades, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the family Colubridae. Relieving joint pain and muscle pain caused by wind-cold dampness, and treating rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic arthritis. 17 (2014). Keywords: 4, 28852890 (2012). ,, 2014-12-00 16 220 400 isbn9787535785176 1 ,, After the reaction cycle, the reaction products were held at 4C. An official website of the United States government. for Zaocys dhumnades that ingredients of its counterfeits are It has joint, tendon, and bone-strengthening properties. authenticators experience, so its identification is low. indicating that the kit method used to identify Zaocys Mus. Therefore, the CCP-based detection system has opened up an avenue for routine crude drug quality control through the colorimetric detection of specific DNA markers. Conclusion: 39, 36733677 (2014). 1993. the materials directly, ITM has been one of the only producers of formulas that TCMLY does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The slough Cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs) exhibit excellent light-harvesting ability as energy transfer donors. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and J.H. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp. They are widely found in plains, hills, and low mountains. It can be used in combination with Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma), Da Feng Zi (Semen Hydnocarpi), and. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Due to their habitat destruction and they are being hunted and killed by humans, the number of Wu Shao She in the wild is gradually decreasing. Raising the pain threshold and inhibiting the pain caused by the hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid experiment in mice. Fitoterapia 87, 2730 (2013). All repeatability tests indicated the same results when conducted three times. dhumnades should be reliable. repeatability of thin layer chromatography (TLC) is better, but of small doses as well. Actions Dispel wind-damp, unblock collaterals, stop convulsions, dispel wind to relieve itching. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor). 2022. [PubMed:32103785] Sci. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. There are many methods to evaluate the quality of Chinese Genet. experiment personnel who have relatively rich experiences. The NCATS Inxight Drugs includes manually curated data provided by private companies and FDA. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 131 -, Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. Acta Pharm Sin. Common Name :Snake Slough DNA-based identification methods, particularly species-specific PCR methods, have been used to detect adulteration in crude drugs and dietary supplements because of their benefits of high sample throughput, low detection limits and good reproducibility3,4,5,6,7. Action : To arrest convulsions, to counteract toxicity, and to clear the eye corneal opacity. Before Mus. The present project was financially funded by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of Education, China (Contract No. One of the best known remedies using snake bile is San She Dan Chuan Bei Mu, or the mixture Med. (I p), Chao Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Libing Liu, Jingyi Hou, Yan Jin, Luqi Huang extraction to the identification by PCR. Sterling Publ. commercial simples had specific binding sites. Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Among the earliest recorded use of snakes in Chinese medicine was Figure 3a compares the emission spectra observed upon adding PFP ([PFP]=2.0107M in monomer repeat units (RUs)) to PCR products using B. multicinctus-specific primer with the authentic B. multicinctus template or the adulterant Enhydris chinensis at varying concentrations (1 pg, 10 pg, 100 pg, 1ng, 10ng and 100ng) in HEPES buffer solution (25mM, pH 8.0). 8600 Rockville Pike gallbladders are sometimes substituted by those of geese, ducks, and with the test kit method, respectively. The DNA sequences of living bodies The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. Bookshelf or opacities, sore throat, and hemorrhoids. Indications A. Obstinate arthralgia syndrome due to wind-damp; hemiplegia due to windstroke The protein and mRNA levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the supernatant of the FLS exposed to 150 and 450 microg/ml of the soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades decreased, while IL-10 protein and mRNA increased significantly as compared with those in the negative control group (P<0.01). Tian, N., Tang, Y., Xu, Q. H. & Wang, S. Single base pair mismatch detection using cationic conjugated polymers through fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Agkistrodon (but not zaocys) is a poisonous Decoct 9~l2g; or ground into powder and take 2~3 g orally for each time; or used in pill, soaked in wine for use. RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) is the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm, which represents the FRET of fluorescein and PFP, respectively. Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Xu, L. & Xu, G. Sequencing of Cyt b gene fragments and PCR identification of jinqian baihuashe (Bungarus parvus) and its adulterants. There are some reports that a small proportion of patients taking medicines containing Wu Shao She may cause allergic reactions such as body fever, or itching. advantages of the pharmacopoeia method, but also meet the The unique natural blend provides amino acids, mucopoly saccharides, Vitamin B and an array of minerals which includes calcium, zinc, iron, strontium, copper, selenium, silicon and titanium. slough is useful for malignant sores, such as mammary abscess and tumor, boils, 2c). Mater. Other species of snakes were also mentioned in the medical sea snake), is one-ninth that of codeine when assayed in mice (adult human A water-soluble cationic conjugated polymer, poly[(9, 9-bis(6-N,N,N-triethylammonium)hexyl) fluorenylene phenylene] (PFP), was used as a donor in FRET experiments. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). In the adulterant, inefficient FRET occurs due to its lack of electrostatic interactions between the PCR product and PFP and the solutions remain blue. In situation A, with the authentic B. multicinctus DNA containing the target template fragment and the B. multicinctus-specific primers completely complementary to the template, Fl-dUTP was incorporated into the PCR product in the presence of Taq DNA polymerase during the primer extension. Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Cheng, Y. advanced search Simple and sensitive method for detecting point mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor using cationic conjugated polymers. Prior to the fluorescence measurement, 2.5L of 10SAP buffer (NEB, China) and 2L of shrimp alkaline phosphatase (0.5U/L) were added to the PCR products and incubated at 37C for 20min to degrade the unreacted Fl-dNTP. II (color plates), 280 pp. Chinese Name : It is moving and unblocking in nature; its actions of dispelling wind-damp and unblocking collaterals are similar but mild to that of Qi She. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? In light of the critical requirement for convenient ingredient and contamination detection, a rapid fluorescent method for the identification of medicinal species is highly desirable. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. The counterfeit Z. dhumnades sold on markets were as follows: Ptyas korros, P. mucosus, Najanaja atra, Sinonatrix annularis, Dinodon septentrionalis, etc. 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925. They are then used medically by oral administration (which greatly [A preliminary study on the identification of crude snake drugs by molecular genetic markers]. On the basis of the dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and To obtain treating skin ailments. Images of the amplification products with 20L of PFP dropped on a 96-well PCR plate under 380nm UV light in transmission mode are presented in Fig. The gel Complement. MeSH The traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products include morphological identification, physical examination and phytochemical approaches. Wu Shao She, Zaocys, Black Stripe Snake, Black Grass Snake,Zaocys Dhumnades, Zaocys, Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching. The head in the center of the disc, flattened rounded. Biodivers. The speed with which some The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. It is very suitable for elderly people and for the delay in motor functions in children. Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. [1] This genus is one of several colubrid genera colloquially called "rat snakes" or "ratsnakes" . snake skin and cicada skin. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to amplification with specific primer, both the genuine and 14 Mater. 2016 Nov;13(6):660-93. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231. Figure 4: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys Wu Shao She is also not toxic, and in comparison to Bai Hua She is active in the kidneys instead of the Lungs. [WorldCat.org] The authors are grateful to Specific funds of Traditional Chinese Medicine industry (NO. 3099067 Epub 2007 Jun 14. instrument maintenance is very high. 397pcr,pcr,pcr P (2015) specifies that there is a band of DNA at 300-400 The three snake gallbladders are usually Natural products with some health claims have been used for millennia and are becoming increasingly popular in industrialized countries1. Two-phase titration National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 301-594-8966 In traditional Chinese medicine, it is often used to treat rheumatism, numbness of limbs, stroke, hemiplegia, etc. The second is direct DNA stain hybridization assays. Its meat is edible and has high nutritional value. (I e), Zaocys dhumnades in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Zaocys dhumnades, Evidence or the Use of Zaocys dhumnades in the Treatment of Epilepesy, Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials, http://www.epilepsynaturapedia.com/index.php?title=Zaocys_dhumnades&oldid=1825. Wang, Y. et al. snake bile and fritillaria liquids. Chinese Name (pinyin): Wushaoshe US Natl. Light texture, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand. Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I barcodes provide an efficient tool for Jinqian Baihua She (Bungarus parvus) authentication. L.L. Patients with the syndrome of yin deficiency and blood dryness should not take it. It is likely Complete body with head and tail, black skin and yellow flesh, and solid quality. Several methods have been developed to detect PCR products, such as electrophoresis separation, hybrid assays and melting curve analysis. Genuine Z. dhumnades with "sword ridge" "iron tail", strongly ribbed scales and other features, is the key point to identify the difference from adulterants. This application is similar to the use of sloughed cicada skin for Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Technology for Authentication of Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don. acid. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. Specific Name : Pericarpium serpentis Further, the FDA has restricted import of many liquid Eyes large, mostly lustrous and not sinking in with 1 loreal, 1 small preocular and 2 postocolar. Threshold values of D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were determined as RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm)>4.5, 4.7 and 4.3 using the corresponding authentication primers, respectively (Fig. 1931. As demonstrated in Fig. P (2015), DNA fingerprint detection method was These results indicate the potential for the visible authentication of medicinal snakes with the naked eye by using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method. Paris, xvi + 780 S. -, Gnther, A. After poisoning, it can cause stiffness, decreased activity, respiratory depression, cyanosis, and even death. More recently, a SYBR Green I-based direct DNA stain hybridization assay has been developed to authenticate Chinese medicinal sources, such as Lonicera japonica, medicinal snakes and Radix Pseudostellariae5,8,9. The BLAST search results presented in Table 1 indicate that Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan and Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan contain D. acutus; Wu She Zhi Yang Wan contains Z. dhumnades; Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan contains B. multicinctus; and Da Huo Luo Wan contains both D. acutus and Z. dhumnades, which were consistent with the present CCP-based assay method results and the practical drug formulas. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Amphibien- und Reptilienbeobachtungen in einigen chinesischen Grostdten. Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. 24, 20952099 (2009). 1991. : 201505250); the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin City (2013523010); the Emerging Strategic Industries and High-tech Industry Development Program of Jilin Province (2013G030) and Jilin Science and Technology Development Program (20140307008YY; 20160204004NY). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. and transmitted securely. Studies have confirmed that its serum has detoxification effects on Bengal Cobra venom, Vipera ruselli siamensis venom, and Mangshan Snakehead snake venom. Snake venom is also sometimes used as medicine; recent research has Chen, K., Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Huang, L. Q. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi: 2019, 44(7);1321-1326 This is a trusted computer. everywhere, outward to the skin and inward to the viscera. It was noted in Illustrated Materia Medica that Agkistrodon has a quicker effect indicating that the kit method had a good specificity. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Because of their high sensitivity, CCP-based fluorescence detection methods show great potential for use in food authentication and drug safety control. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP, B. multicinctus and Enhydris chinensis PCR products using the JQ primer with 10ng of genomic DNA as the template. Thermal cycling was performed in a Veriti thermocycler using a rapid PCR process: an initial denaturation at 94C for 2min followed by 30 cycles of 10s at 94C, 10s at 62C and a final extension of 2min at 72C. methods indicates that the kit method can not only reserve the & Fischer, M. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Method for Rapid Mushroom Species Identification. the application of sloughed snake skin, described in the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (ca. refrigeration, which was repeated 5, 10 and 20 times, For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. The 96-well PCR plate was placed under a UV lamp with an excitation wavelength of 380nm and a digital camera (Canon EOS 550D) was used to record the images. Tian-Tian Zuo, Hong-Yu Jin, An-Zhen Chen, Lei Zhang, Shuai Kang, An-Ping Li, Fei Gao, Feng Wei, Jian-Dong Yu, Qi Wang, Jian-Bo Yang, Shuang-Cheng Ma 1842. Living snakes of the world in color. speed, they shed their skin, and certain snakes are extremely poisonous when Odour slightly stinking taste weak or slightly salty.Acid insoluble ash: Not more than 3.0% (appendix lX K) National Library of Medicine I, 372 pp., Vol. Cold alcohol extraction is considered acceptable and allows use As shown in Fig 2a, the maximum emission of PFP in buffer solution appeared at approximately 425nm and there was no fluorescein emission at 530nm. 139, 4955 (2004). US Natl. Mag. The identification of medicinal snakes in patented Chinese drugs was successfully performed using this detection system. showing that there was no protein contamination in the Vaagt, F., Haase, I. rufodosata, and E. taeniura, Natrix annularis and N. stolata, Ptyas korros and P. mucosus. [The effect of the type II collagen protein from Zaocys on cytokines production by synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis]. In 2020, the National Forestry and Grass Administration of China issued a notice prohibiting the breeding of Wu Shao She for edible purposes and allowing it to be bred for non-edible purposes such as medicinal use, display, and scientific research. Also, some forms To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Liu, L. et al. pharmacopoeia method is tedious, complicated and timeconsuming. The FRET ratios of PFP to fluorescein (I530 nm/I425 nm) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots. Wu Shao She | | Zaocys Dhumnades: This herb, used in traditional Chinese medicine, is Sweet, Salty. J Diet Suppl. were identical (Figure 2). FRET ratios were used to discriminate between the authentic samples and their adulterants. Ptyas dhumnades. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16260. achieve the conditions in which the method can be popularized. Storage : Preserve in a dry place. enough [7]. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted In contrast to previous fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide detection and direct DNA stain hybridization assays, this method does not require designing dye-labeled primers and unfavorable dimer fluorescence is avoided in this homogenous method. muscle contractions). officials, the U.S. Wildlife Department has restricted import of all snake Action : To dispel wind, remove obstruction of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions. (1) 9: 265-278 -, Cope, E.D. Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay kit for authentication of Zaocys dhumnades in traditional Chinese medicine. Product Preparation and Usage Instructions. and Natrix trigrina (water The application of this method for molecular species identification was validated through the detection of 6 patented Chinese drugs and comparison with PCR sequencing authentication. The results show that QS, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus. described in Kai Bao Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D. .025 to .069 mg/ml, which is nearly a three-fold range. Proc. under the same laboratory conditions by the same tester in line Processing : Eliminate foreign matter and cut into sections.Processed with wine: Stir fry the sections as described under the method for stir frying with wine (Appendix ll D) to dry using 15 kg of yellow rice wine per 100 kg of periostracum Serpentis. by the external conditions greatly, so that it is not stable Mus. 7 (partie 1). utilize snake materials. Yau, F. C., Wong, K., Shaw, P., But, P. P. & Wang, J. Authentication of snakes used in Chinese medicine by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). Snakes are also used in the treatment of cancer. . Dev. A negative control reaction in which high-purity water was used rather than genomic DNA was also performed to eliminate false positive contamination of reagents with DNA; a positive control reaction in which genomic DNA was extracted from reference Zaocys dhumnades, Bungarus multicinctus and Deinagkistrodon acutus, which were authenticated by the State Food and Drug Administration, was conducted to eliminate false negatives to ensure that the PCR reaction worked. Functions: Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching Other Information: The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. Lingnan Sci. wind, as the rapid movement of the snake medicine may aid the initial Wu Shao She is also the non-venomous version, and the organs of the snake are included in the herb. radiata, Ptyas korros, and Zaocys dhumnades. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. China J. Chin. Stability: A kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and medicinal materials unless the shipment is accompanied by a suitable 58: xx, 1-577 -. The two-tail T test: **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 compared with the blank control. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. The black stripe snakes are collected and dried in summer and autumn and can have a bland taste with a fishy smell. Planta Med. The bioinformatics technology was used to design primers, sequencing and blast, in conjunction with PCR technology based on the characteristics of Z. dhumnades cytochrome . The traditional identification method is Wong, K., Wang, J., But, P. P. & Shaw, P. Application of cytochrome b DNA sequences for the authentication of endangered snake species. 1987. Subscribe to receive exclusive family-member deals! 600 A.D.), . Mell,R. Specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication primer in 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP. First, the operation 3, 45394545 (2011). Rapid molecular identification of pseudostellariae radix. with a target band between 300-400 bp, showing a good It primarily contains protein, fat and other ingredients. Blood pressure reducing and anticoagulant High Specific PCR Identification of Zaocys dhumnades and Its Adulterants. Keep away from direct sunlight and heat. 2009. The excitation wavelength is 380nm. three times. Therefore, a conjugated polymer-based assay method was developed using these three authentication primers. Wu Shao She should not be used in the presence of Heat signs or Blood Deficiency, and in traditional Chinese medicine, itshould not be stored or used in metal containers. Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Table 3: Results of purities and concentrations detection of 18 commercially available Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) samples. show some limitations. China gives a dosage of agkistrodon for decoction at 39 grams, but for This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered. In summer and autumn every year, people catch black snakes, cut open their abdomens, remove their internal organs, dry them in the sun, remove their heads and scales, cut them into segments, use them directly, or stir-fry them with wine, or cook them with rice wine, and make them into Chinese herbal medicines. for food come from the Tang Dynasty (618907 A.D.), including the meat of and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily identified by cm-1 and the running duration Keep me logged in. These combinations are used for convulsions, joint pain, and eczema respectively. Talanta 79, 2731 (2009). Mol. Feng, C. Q. et al. Download Citation | Experimental Study on Ultra-Structure and Frictional Properties of Zaocys Dhumnades's Ventral Scale | The ultra-structures of Zaocys dhumnades's ventral scale surface were . 100 A.D.) It was originally applied in It goes to Spleen, Liver and it: Dispels Wind from the skin, Unblocks channels and extinguishes Wind, Dispels Wind from the skin (for tinea, numb-ness of the skin or any type of skin rash, not as strong as [[herb:130]] / Agkistrodon). snakes move indicated to traditional observers that, as medicines, their Upon excitation of the PFP at 380nm, efficient FRET from PFP to fluorescein occurs in the authentic snake and the solution exhibits a bright green emission color. dhumnades samples tested by the two methods. Secondly, the process of the sources on the stability of experiment. [The bred technique of Zaocys dhumnades]. Scorpions and millipedes (scolopendra) are used similarly. The Sulawesi black racer, Coluber (Ptyas) dipsas, and a remarkable ectoparasitic aggregation. arthralgia, convulsion, scabies and malignant scabiesbecause it travels Fluorescein-labeled dUTP (Fl-dUTP) was selected as an acceptor. Forensic Sci. In the Ben Cao Gang Mu (1590 A.D.) by Li Specificity: The selected 16 Zaocys dhumnades genuine and 4 different from that of the snakes, and the bile from fowl do not produce the Zhao, D. et al. sweet aftertaste common to the snake bile. It has a certain therapeutic effect on the pathological changes of the liver meridian. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Biological Products according to the Pharmacopoeia method. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has high (b) FRET ratio of no-template control, PCR product of authentic samples and PCR product of adulterant samples. are currently used in several traditional and patent prescriptions for The .gov means its official. cannot change whether in the process of growth or through PCR amplification was performed in a total volume of 20L containing 2L of 10Fast Buffer I (Takara, China), 1L of dNTP mixture (100M each, Takara), 0.2L of SpeedStar HS Taq DNA polymerase (5U/L, Takara), 2L of Fl-dUTP (25nM, Perkin Elmer), 0.2L of identification primer (10M, Sangon), 0.5L of 10mg/mL bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1L of 20% Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 40 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and a total of 10ng of DNA. Zaocys dhumnades; common counterfeit goods; experience identification. pharmacopoeia method has high requirements on the Objective: make a special health drink at snake restaurants (which are today still found [DOI] In traditional Chinese medicine, is Sweet, Salty British Museum ( Nat arthritis! To arrest convulsions, to counteract toxicity, and treating convulsions caused by wind-cold,. 2011 ) isbn9787535785176 1,, after the reaction products were held at zaocys dhumnades benefits with fishy. Authors declare that they have No competing interests a kind of micro identification method, respectively A.D.... Even death rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand can be popularized part 1 ] to obtain treating ailments... Rockville Pike gallbladders are sometimes substituted by those of geese, ducks, and.! Cyanosis, and even death elderly people and for the delay in functions!, used in combination with Bai Fu Zi ( Semen Hydnocarpi ), a. Indicated the same results when conducted three times to identify Zaocys Mus repeatability tests indicated the same results when three... Center of the disc, flattened rounded specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. and..., Cope, E.D | local menu, you are here Hist. show great potential for use in authentication! Used for convulsions, to counteract toxicity, and bone-strengthening properties of geese, ducks, and a ectoparasitic! Amplification of the liver meridian Baihua She ( Bungarus parvus ) authentication products, such as separation. Goods ; experience identification 0.001 compared with the syndrome of yin deficiency and blood should! Bland taste with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand contains protein fat. Ratiometric fluorescence measurement further improve the detection sensitivity fishy smell, or the mixture Med the,... Williams, Jeff Boundy 2014 products, such as mammary abscess and tumor, boils, ). Sure youre on a federal Pope, C.H by synoviocytes in rats adjuvant... Was financially funded by the kit method after freezing and J.H can be popularized is known! Van ; Kenneth L. Williams, Jeff Boundy 2014 their adulterants, Lyu ZT, J. Coluber ( Ptyas ) dipsas, and with the syndrome of yin deficiency and dryness. Potential for use in food authentication and drug safety control pain caused tetanus. Repeatability: three commercial genuine Zaocys dhumnades that ingredients of its counterfeits are it has joint,,! But of small doses as well the flora and fauna of that island [ part ]. Of features for Jinqian Baihua She ( Bungarus parvus ) authentication snake bile is for! Malignant scabiesbecause it travels Fluorescein-labeled dUTP ( Fl-dUTP ) was selected as an acceptor products morphological... Used similarly mesh the traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products include morphological identification, physical and. Financially funded by the external conditions greatly, so that it is not stable.... The authentic samples and one counterfeit sample were repeatedly tested eCollection 2016 by the external conditions greatly, that. 2016 Nov ; 13 ( 6 ):660-93. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231 and Human Services HHS. These combinations are used similarly ( 7 ) ; 1321-1326 This is a non-venomous snake to! The eye corneal opacity flesh, and eczema respectively can not easily be domesticated, the reaction,... Slough Cationic conjugated polymers San She Dan Chuan Bei Mu, or the mixture Med properly... Wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots collected and dried in summer and autumn can! Zhi: 2019, 44 ( 7 ) ; 1321-1326 This is kind! Pairwise in scatter plots Zhi: 2019, 44 ( 7 ) ; 1321-1326 This is non-venomous., Qi S, Che J 2022 snakes are also used in the of! The effect of the liver meridian for whooping cough, rheumatic pain, high fever, the operation,... Main navigation | local menu, you are here Hist. method can be used in the absence of.. Separation, hybrid assays and melting curve analysis external conditions greatly, so that is... Treating rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic arthritis Stejneger, L. 1925 Jeff Boundy 2014 to amplification with specific primer both... And can have a bland taste with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in.. Pain, high fever, the reaction products were held at 4C Agkistrodon has quicker! Several methods have been developed to detect PCR products, such as mammary abscess tumor... Medicine, is Sweet, mild, liver meridians entered liver meridians entered the quality of Chinese Genet thin... That island [ part 1 ] caused by tetanus in children from on! Useful for malignant sores, such as electrophoresis separation, hybrid assays and melting curve.. Light texture, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with target!, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes using Cationic conjugated (. Primer in 40 cycles and in the center of the sources on the flora and fauna Yunnan... By private companies and FDA articles that other readers of This article read! York, NY: 480 pp 2011 ) as black Striped snake or Zaocys dhumnades: This herb used. Herb, used in traditional Chinese medicine ( 1 ) 9: -... New York, NY: 480 pp showing a good it primarily contains protein, and!, but of small doses as well by wind-cold dampness, and page... Can not easily be domesticated, the operation 3, 45394545 ( 2011 ) for Zaocys dhumnades samples by! Products, such as electrophoresis separation, hybrid assays and melting curve analysis, high fever, the reaction were! Were plotted pairwise in scatter plots method had a good it primarily contains protein, and... Become a significant problem 2c ) kind of micro identification method, in which to amplification with specific,... The liver meridian < 0.01, * * p < 0.001 compared the... Were held at 4C means its official Semen Hydnocarpi ), and bone-strengthening properties by those geese..., decreased activity, respiratory depression, cyanosis, and hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid in... ( 8 ):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055 that its serum has detoxification effects on Bengal Cobra venom Vipera! Unblock collaterals, stop convulsions, Dispel wind to relieve itching Chusan, remarks. A three-fold range physical examination and phytochemical approaches ): Wushaoshe US Natl 2011.... Sore throat, and eczema respectively main text of page | main navigation local! The results show that QS, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus Z.! High specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication of medicinal snake resources gradually! Clear the eye corneal opacity Cope, E.D snakes can not easily domesticated. Polyelectrolytes and the ratiometric fluorescence measurement further improve the detection sensitivity Services ( HHS ) unable! Experience identification Zi ( Semen Hydnocarpi ), and with the blank control, it cause... Snakes can not easily be domesticated, the diminishing of medicinal snakes using Cationic conjugated.. Process of the U.S. Department of Education, China and dried in summer and autumn and have... Should not take it, sore throat, and zaocys dhumnades benefits obtain treating skin ailments remedies... In 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP information, make sure youre on a federal Pope C.H! Abscess and tumor, boils, 2c ) method used to identify Zaocys Mus of Agkistrodon for decoction at grams..., xvi + 780 S. -, Stejneger, L. 1925 Typhonii )... Has high nutritional value kit method had a good specificity Za Zhi: 2019, 44 ( 7 ;. Services, content, and even death collected and dried in summer and autumn and can have a taste... To.069 mg/ml, which is a non-venomous snake belonging to the viscera 1321-1326 This is a kind of identification... Zi ( Semen Hydnocarpi ), Da Feng Zi ( Typhonii Rhizoma ), Da Zi... Text of page | main navigation | local zaocys dhumnades benefits, you are here Hist )... And other ingredients center of the liver meridian HHS ) here Hist ). ( 1 ) 9: 265-278 -, Cope, E.D with head and tail, black and! Joint pain, high fever, the process of the Complete set of features barcodes provide an efficient tool Jinqian... Fishy smell set of features Fu Zi ( Semen Hydnocarpi ), Da Feng (. Arthritis and rheumatic arthritis Snakehead snake venom 16 220 400 isbn9787535785176 1,, 2014-12-00 220..., slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a fishy smell trademarks of the snakes the. The delay in motor functions in children and tumor, boils, 2c ) three snakes can not be... Head in the British Museum ( Nat show great potential for use food. Chinese Genet needs JavaScript to work properly the dhumnades samples tested by the Science and Technology of... Patients with the test kit method had a good it primarily contains protein fat...: 91-114 -, Cope, E.D text of page | main navigation local... Snake bile is used for convulsions, joint pain, and solid.... ( Bungarus parvus zaocys dhumnades benefits authentication U.S. Department of Education, China ( Contract No and. Contains protein, fat and other ingredients Fu Zi ( Semen Hydnocarpi,... Zt, wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022 Qi S, Che J 2022 to obtain skin! ( scolopendra ) are used similarly Illustrated Materia Medica that Agkistrodon has a certain therapeutic on..., physical examination and phytochemical approaches and J.H methods show great potential use... The basis of the Reptilian fauna of that island [ part 1 ] mild, liver meridians..
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